![]() ![]() The identification of the main objectives of the discipline was already advanced by Gaspard Monge, who distinguished two aspects concerning the objective representation of space in the plane and the capacity of analysing the properties of the subjects represented. The new developments show that also this discipline does not escape the need for evolution that any science has. This process has mainly involved the field of the scientific foundations of the subject, identified with the descriptive geometry. The revolution which has affected the instruments used by the architects is particularly observed in the sphere of drawing and has arisen very important debates and reflections, also to revitalise a matter that risked of being relegated to the sphere of the slack disciplines. By demonstrating that Guarini believed in a sun-centered solar system, I will argue that for Guarini, the light of the sun was architecturally, theologically and cosmologically of the utmost importance. San Lorenzo was built at the end of the Baroque period and at the beginning of the Enlightenment, representing the bridge between the clas-sical past and the dawn of the age of modern science. While a previous theory on Guarini by Marcello Fagiolo briefly established the possibility of a system unifying Guarini’s architec-ture and academic knowledge, I greatly expand this possibility and argue that Guarini is a heliocentric astronomer, not a geocentrist. The following dissertation creates an unprece-dented connection between Guarini’s knowledge as an architect, mathematician, astronomer and philosopher, to the Church of San Lorenzo. The interlocked system of stone arcs that comprise the structure of the dome, repre-sents the rings of an ancient model of the celestial sphere known as an armillary that dates as far back as Eratosthenes (276–194 BC). The vertical alignment of the dome represents the celestial pole, a cosmological center point that is also known as the axis mundi. The Church of San Lorenzo in Turin (1668–1687) is an elegant example of these principles created as built form, with a dome resembling the celestial sphere, aligning the church to God and to the cosmos. Guarini presents three principles in his treatise on architecture, which connects the art of building (edificare) to the sun (orologia, gnomonica) and to solar mechanics (macchinaria). The baroque architect, priest and polymath, Guarino Guarini (1624–1683), designed seventeen architectural works and wrote ten treatises on a multitude of subjects, including architecture, mathematics and astronomy. The desire to orient human civilization within the universe is evident in the most ancient structures of the world, including Stonehenge, the Pyramids of Giza and the Pantheon. ![]()
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